Model view controller(MVC) is a project resource management architecture that divides the development process into 3 parts Model, View, and Controller. In this tutorial, I will cover what is MVC, Why we use MVC, and most importantly How to implement MVC architecture into a java web project?
What is MVC
MVC is known as model view controller, The Model handles the database transactions or classes and methods that will help to create a transactions Controller and Model, The View defines the frontend of the application, the page elements that the user can view and see to perform the operations, and The Controller used to handle the request and response.
Let’s understand the MVC in detail in terms of project development.
While we working on MVC architecture the flow of the program execution will be done in the sequence of View <==> Controller <==> Model
View:
As the name suggests, The visual things that the user can see or view come under the view part, Also we can say the view is known as the frontend of the application.
To develop the view part of any application the basic and important technologies are HTML, CSS, and Bootstrap.
Controller:
The controller is the mediator between the View and the Model. It will handle the requests and responses. It gets a request from the view and sends the request to the model to perform the required operations and at the same time, It gets the response from the model and forwards or redirects the same response to the view.
Model:
The model is the last layer of MVC, Model is used to manage the database transactions. While you working on an application where we need to store the information and it’s using any kind of database then to communicate with the database we need to write some model classes that contain the source code from required operations like Add/Edit/Delete and View the data.
How to implement MVC in a Java web project
A complete web application development requires the support of multiple technologies as per their behavior. So we can divide those technologies stack according to the MVC and manage the resource easily.
Let’s Understand MVC according to the technologies for a Java web application
Using basic Java technologies
- View: JSP, HTML, CSS, Bootstrap.
- Model: Java Classes, JDBC
- Controller: Servlet
Using Advanced Java frameworks
- View: JSP, tiles, JSTL, HTML, CSS, Bootstrap.
- Model: Java Classes, Hibernate, JPA
- Controller: Spring boot, Controllers, Rest Controllers
Request and Response Flow(MVC flow/Project Code Flow)
Request:
- View to Controller
- Controller to model
- Model to database
Response:
- Database to Model
- Model to controller
- Controller to view
